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This picture shows the 6 to 8 teeth which can be found on

A close-up of hobo eyes. Notice that this spider has 8 eyes arranged in two nearly straight rows. This eye pattern is typical of the genus Tegenaria. 

Plumose setae are diagnostic of the family Agelenidae, or the funnel web spiders. These fine, almost clear hairs have a feather-like appearence. A microscope or strong hand lens is needed to see these hairs. Do not be confused by the large black spines, or smaller, thick black hairs. The plumose hairs lay nearly flat against the body and are very difficult to see.   

Three Key Characters to Identifying a Hobo Spider with a Microscope 

Identifying a hobo spider requires the use of a microscope. The presence of a brown spider in your home does not mean that it is a hobo--there are many brown spiders that look similar to hobos. Additionally, you cannot identify a hobo based on the "chevron" markings on the abdomen; many spiders have a very similar appearance to a hobo. for more info. To properly identify a hobo spider, three key characteristics should be observed under a microscope. When I identify hobos in the lab, I use the following characteristics if the spider looks remotely like a hobo: 1. plumose setae, 2. 8 eyes in two nearly straight rows, and 3. cheliceral retromargin with 6 to 8 teeth (vs. domestic house spiders and grass spiders which have 3 to 5 teeth on the cheliceral retromargin). 

Mature female hobo spiders are 9.5-16.5 mm (3/8-5/8 in) long, and male hobo spiders are 7-13.5 mm (9/32-9/16 in) in body length. Males have enlarged pedipalps located near the mouth, resembling short legs. 

While the hobo spider greatly resembles certain other members of the funnel-web spider family, which are harmless, it has important distinguishing characteristics.The hobo spider has a brown cephalothorax (the front body region where the legs are attached) with darker brown markings and brown legs. The abdomen (the second body region) has a distinctive pattern of yellow markings on a grey background, although this pattern can be difficult to discern without the aid of a microscope or hand lens. The pattern is generally more distinctive in immature specimens. Unlike many other similar-looking spiders, hobo spiders do not have dark bands (like multiple arm bands) on their legs. Spiders with such banding can be assumed not to be hobo spiders. 

The hobo spider is a member of the funnel-web spider family Agelenidae (not to be confused with funnel web tarantulas in the family Hexathelidae commonly found in Australia). Funnel-web spiders are long-legged, swift-running spiders that build funnel or tube-shaped retreats. Hobo spiders rarely climb structures like other spiders do. The hobo spider runs at an average speed of about 0.45 meters (17 inches) per second, with a maximum speed of about 1.1 meters (40 inches) per second.

Hobo spiders frequent areas such as log or timber piles, rock piles/borders/retaining walls, holes, or where tall grass meets the foundation or crevices in soil or concrete where they can make their characteristic funnel webs.  The webs are funnel shaped, sort of like a tornado but really wide at the top. The spider waits in the small hole at the bottom of the funnel for prey to make contact with the web.  When it senses a vibration it will emerge from the hole to envenomate its prey. Funnel web spiders have "feet" designed for walking on their webs (a third claw for grasping silk strands of the web) and don't climb well out of their webs. Consequently, when they enter homes they are usually found at ground level in the basement because they cannot climb walls or slick surfaces to escape.  A common place to find hobos is in the bath tub or sink because the porcelain or plastic is too slick for them to climb. However, this is not to say hobos can't climb.  They can easily climb up carpeted stairs, curtains, towels, bed skirts, highly textured walls, cement walls, etc.  Funnel web spiders, the hobo and domestic house spider in particular, can be found frequently in homes while wandering in search of mates in August through October, and when looking for web sites in the spring. For more, . 

Eggs deposited in the fall begin hatching in the spring. The spiderlings will molt (shed their skin) once before breaking free from the egg sac around early June. The juvenile hobo spiders grow and develop over the summer (or several summers) and will overwinter again before reaching maturity the following year. Males and females will mature from June to September. Males seek out females for mating during the summer and most die before October. Mated females start laying eggs in mid-September, with one to four egg sacs produced over a period of four weeks. Fewer eggs are produced if food is limited or if temperatures are cooler than normal. Cold temperatures eventually terminate the production of eggs by the females. Most females will die in late autumn, but some may overwinter and live into the following summer.

There is some disagreement among researchers as to the length of the hobo spider life cycle. Only one year may be required to complete a generation among the warmer coastal regions; however, inland populations, such as those living in Utah, are believed to require two or three years to complete a generation.

The hobo spider, Tegenaria agrestis, is native to Europe and was introduced into the Pacific Northwest in the 1930's. The spider has expanded its range south and east, and can be found extensively throughout northern Utah (Vetter et al. 2003). Originally, the hobo spider was named "the aggressive house spider," which originated from an incorrect interpretation of its species name-agrestis-which means "of the field or land." This name was given in reference to the hobo's habit of living in grassy fields in its native Europe where it is displaced in homes by its relative, the giant house spider. Giant house spider has also been introduced into the Pacific Northwest, however there are no records of this spider in Utah. For a more detailed account of the hobo spider story, . 

By far, hobos are the number 1 arthropod submitted to the lab, and this is because of their frequency in peoples' homes, their size and speed, and the fact that people (unprecedentedly) fear hobos.  Because of the volume of samples, phone calls, and emails I receive about this spider, I developed this page to answer any questions you might have.  Some of the information on this page is technical and may seem too complex or difficult; however, knowledge of this information is what is necessary to properly identify a hobo spider (and to understand its biology and toxicology).  Without a microscope and some level of expertise you cannot distinguish a hobo spider from other similar-looking spiders. If you catch a spider and would like to have it identified visit this page for instructions on .   

Since the late 70's the Utah Plant Pest Diagnostic Lab has kept track of all submitted samples. To date, we have had over 13,500 samples submitted, 10,077 of which are insects, spiders, mites, etc. There have been about 2,188 spiders submitted since 1978.  Of those samples, 1,211 have been funnel web spiders (Agelenidae), and 639 have been hobos!  To make it more impressive, the first ever hobo sample wasn't submitted until 1990.  If you have questions regarding the other arachnids frequently encountered in Utah, please visit our page. 

Hobo Spiders (Tegenaria agrestis)

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Hobo Spiders - Utah Plant Pest Diagnostic Lab - utahpests.usu.edu